Keywords
Torque teno virus, TTV, immunosuppression, viral marker, prevalence, screening
Abstract
Torque teno virus (TTV), a non-enveloped, circular single-stranded DNA virus of the Anelloviridae family, is a common component of the human virome, frequently detected in the blood and tissues of healthy individuals. Although it is typically non-pathogenic in immunocompetent individuals, mounting evidence suggests its potential role as a biomarker of immune function and its association with adverse outcomes in immunocompromised hosts. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the global epidemiology of TTV, highlights its behavior in specific high-risk populations, and discusses ongoing diagnostic challenges in clinical settings.